By heney l



Feb. 17, 1931. H. H: LYON R 17,966

ELECTRICAL MEASURING INSTRUMENT Original Filed Deo 10, 1919.

-l' lllllllllllllllllIIIIIIIIVI I lllllhlllH i OOOOO ATTORNEY ReissuedFeb. 17, 1931 v nsure!) STATES PATENT OFFICE v HENRY H. LYON, DECEASED,LATE OF BUFFALO, NEW YORK, BY HENRY L. LYON,

ADMINISTRATOR, BUFFALO, NEW YORK, ASSIGN'OR TO WESTINGHOUSE ELEC- TRIC &MANUFACTURING COMPANY, A CORPORATION PENNSYLVANIA ELECTRICAL MEASURINGINSTRUMENT Driginal No. 1,686,019, dated October 2, 1928, Serial No.343,836, filed December 10, 1919. Application for reissue filed JanuaryThis invention relates to electrical 'measuring instruments andparticularly to maximum-demand volt-ampere-hour meters.

One object of the invention is to provide a 6 meter that shall indicatethe maximum periodic demand of the true and the apparent energytraversinga circuit.

Another object of the invention is to provide a meter, of the aboveindicated character, that shall indicate the total energy consumed.

Another object of the invention is to provide a meter, of the aboveindicated charactor, that shall be simple in construction and reliablein operation. i

In practicing'the invention, two standard Watt-hour-meter elements areprovided, of which one element is connected to measure the activecomponent or true energy that of that energy. The indicating mechanismcomprises two devices that are actuated in accordance with the values ofthe respective components of the energy and in directions disposed atright angles with respect to each other. A connecting bar that isdisposed between the two actuating devices is calibrated to indicate thedistance between them. The distance between the two devices correspondsto'the apparent energy. The mechanism is periodically reset to operateduring predetermined successive intervals. 1

Figure 1 of the accompanying drawings is a top plan view of theindicating mechanism in an instrument embodying the invention; Fig. 2 isa side elevational view of'the mechanism shown in Fig. 1; and Fig. 3 isa diagrammatic view of the arrangement of the energizing circuits of theinstrument shown in Figs. 1 and 2.

An instrument for measuring and indicating the maximum periodic demandof the true comprises an indicating mechanism 1 and a plurality ofmeasuring devices 2 and 3 for measuring the active and the reactivecomponents of the energy. Contact members 2a and 3a are disposedin thegear trains of the measuring devices 2 and 3 and are adapted totraverses a circuit and the other element is connected to measure thereactive component and the apparent energy traversing a circuit.

1930. Serial ll'c. 422,931.

complete circuits for energizing the coils 4 .are disposed on the shafts16 and 17 between the pinions 14 and 15 and the ratchet Wheels 8 and 9.Lever arms 22 and 23 are adapted, when actuated by cam members 24 and25, respectively, to disengage the pinions 14 and 15 from the racks 18and 19, at the end of a predetermined interval of time, to permit theindicating mechanism 1 to be reset, after which v the springs 20 and 21efi'ect re-engagementof the pinions 14 and 15 and the racks 18 and 19,respectively. The cam members 24 and 25 are actuated through gear trains26 and 27, by a constant-speed device 28 that is energized from acircuit 29. Two springs 30 and 31 are adapted to return the toothedracks 18 and 19 to their initial positions when the pinions 14 and 15become disengaged therefrom, at the end of the successive predeterminedintervals of time.

Two guide bars 32 and 33 are, fixedly mounted at right angles withrespect to each other, and parallel to the toothed racks 18 and 19.Sliding blocks 34 and 35 are mounted on the guide bars 32 and 33 and areadapted to bemoved thereon by lateral projections 36 and 37 on thetoothed racks 18 and 19. A connecting bar 38 is fixedly mounted in aswivel member 39 on the sliding block 34 and is slidably mounted in aswivel member 40 on the sliding block 35, and has an indicating.

armature and the dog 12. The pinion 14, i "being coaXially mounted withthe ratchet wheel 1 8, turns therewith and moves the gear trains of eachelement, that engagement is effected, momentarily, after the disc ofthey meter element has rotated a predetermined number of tunes.Engagement of the contact members 2a completes the circuit forenergizing the coil 4 of the electromagnet 6. The

ratchet wheel 8 is thereupon actuated by the toothed rack 18 a distanceproportional to the movement of the ratchet wheelv 8. The

meter element 2 thatmeasures-the active component of the energy, causesthe electromagnet 6 to be energized each time its'disc rotates apredetermined number or times.

The ratchet wheel 8 and, consequently,the

I .rack 18 are'moved, therefore, a distance that is proportional tothetrue energy traversing the circuit that isto bemetered, Similarly, therack 19 is moved in accordance with the reactive component of thatenergy.

The sliding. blocks 34 and 35 are moved along the guide rods 32'and33 bythe lateral projections 36 and 37 that are secured to the toothed racks18 and 19. The block 34 is" 'moved in accordance with the true energythat traverses the 'clrcuit 111 a predetermined interval of time and theblock 35 is moved n accordance wlth' the react1ve component of theenergy.

The connecting bar '38 so mounted in the swivels 39 and 40 on thesliding blocks 34 and [movements of the sliding blocks 34 The distancebetween predetermined points on the sliding blocks 34'aud 35', istherefore,

35 that it substantially constitutes the hy-' pothenuse of the righttriangle formed by the I proportional to'the volt-ampere hours or appergy that traverses the circuit during any parentene'rgy that traversesthe circuit.

The indicating block 42 is moved along the guide bar .32 by the slidingblock 34 and is,

therefore, adapted to indicate, on the guide bar 32, the maximumperiodic demand of the true energy'that traverses the circuit during anypredetermined interval of time.

and is adapted to indicate thereon, the maximum periodic demand of theapparent enpre determine d interval of time.

The length of the periodic intervals of 2 time is fixed by'means of theconstant-speed device 28' and the associated gear trains 26 and27. Thecam members 24 and 25 are adapted to permit the indicating mechanism tobe reset at the end of each predetermined interval of time by soactuating the lever' to their initial positions by the springs 30 and31, and the sliding blocks 34 and 35 are I Sim ilarly, the indicatingblock 41 1s movedalong returned by the springs 43 and 44. The lever arms22 and 23 are now released by the carnmembers 24 and 25, and the springs20 and 21 effect re-engagement of the pinions, 14 and 15 and thetoothedracks 18 and 19. The

at the end of a predetermined interval of time, but with the slidingblocks 34 and 35 and the connecting bar 38 still inoperativeindicating'pos'ition. The racks '18" and 19 are illustrated ashaving been returned to their respective initial positionsand the blocks34 and 35 would normally be resting against the stop members45 and 46.The bar 38 has been shown in its present position, however, toillustrate. its disposition after the @operation of the mechanism.during a predetermined interval. I, e Although a structure} embodying"the invention has been shown, theinvention is not limited thereto,as'various, modifications may be made therein withoutdeparting from thespirit and scope ottheinvention asset forth inthe appended'claims.

Claims: I r i 1.' In an apparent-power-measuring instrument thecombination with two'meter elements adapted to measure the active andthe reactive components, respectively, of the energy traver singfanelectricalv circuit, and

two toothed racks adapted to be actuated in accordanceJtherewith, inhorizontal directions substantially right angles with respect to eachother, of stationary guide bars parallelingthe toothed racks, slidingblock members mounted on the guide bars and 'cally resetting the toothedracks and the sliding blocks, and means for indicating on the connectingmeans the maximum periodic de- ,mand of apparent energy. j

v 2. In an apparent-energy measuring ins'trument the combination withtwome'ter elements and two sets of contact'members engagement of whichis effected bysaid meter elements, of two electromagnets adapted tobecome energized through the circuits com-;

pleted by the contact members, coairially mounted pinions and ratchetwheels adapted to be actuated by the electromagnets, two

toothed racks adaptedto be actuated by the pinions in directionssubstantiallyat right angles with each other in accordance with theseparate components of the energy traversing a circuit during successivepredetermined 1n- .tervals of time, two stationary guide bars mountedparallel to the toothed racks,sliding The mechanism is illustrated inFig. 1 as blocks mounted on the bars, andadapted to be moved thereon bythe toothed racks, a sliding bar mounted between swivels on the slidingblocks, indicating blocks slidably mounted on the sliding bar and on oneguide bar for indicating thereon the maximum apparent and the maximumtrue energy traversing the circuit during thetime intervals, and meansfor periodically disengaging the pinions and the toothed racks at theend of the time intervals to permit the instrument to be reset for thefollowing interval of time.

3. In an electrical measuring instrument, the combination with awatt-hour meter for registering the true energy consumed in a circuitand a watt-hour meter for registering the reactive component ofthatenergy, of a toothed rack adapted to be actuated in accordance with theenergy consumed in successive predetermined intervals or" time and atoothed rack adapted to be actuated in accordance with such reactivecomponent of the energy, two stationary bars mounted par allel to thetoothed racks and disposed substantially at right angles with respect toeach other, a block member slidably mounted on each bar and adapted tobe actuated thereon in accordance with the movement of the par allelrack, a bar member slidably mounted between the block members, anindicating block slidably mounted thereon and adapted to indicatethereon the maximum demand of apparent energy, and means for soresetting the mechanism comprising the block members and the bar memberdisposed therebetween that it may operate during the following intervalof time.

4. In an apparent-energy measuring instrument, the combination with twodriven members disposed substantially at right angles with respect toeach other, a driving member for each of said driven members, and meansfor controlling the operation of the driven members in accordance withtwo components of the energy traversing a circuit, of guide barsdisposed in parallel relation to the driven members, sliding blocks somounted thereon as to be actuated by the driven members, a connectingbar mounted between the sliding blocks, means for resetting the slidingblocks and the connecting bar, and indicating blocks, mounted on theconnecting bar and on one guide bar, for indicating the maximum valuesof the apparent and true energy demand.

5. In an apparent-energy measuring instrument, the combination with twodriven members disposed substantially at right angles with respect toeach other, a driving member for each of said driven members, ratchetwheels and pinions coaxially mounted for controlling the operation ofthe driven members, of an electromagnet and a pawl member associatedtherewith for actuating the ratchet wheel, means for periodicallydisengaging the driving and the driven members, guide bars disposed inparallel relation to the driven members sliding blocks so mountedthereon as to be actuated by the driven members, a connecting barmounted between the sliding blocks, and indicating blocks mounted on theconnecting bar and on a guide bar for indicating, respectively, themaximum distance between the sliding blocks and the distance traversedby one sliding block. I

6. In an apparent-energy measuring instrument, the combination with twodriven members disposed substantially at right angles with respect toeach other, a driving member for each of said driven members, two meterelements, and two electromagnets energized thereby, of two ratchetwheels and pinions coaxially mounted and adapted to control theoperation'of the driven members in accordance with the two components ofthe energy traversing a circuit as measured by the meter elements, meansfor periodically disengaging the pinions and the driven members, meansassociated with the driven members for indicating the values. of the twocomponents and means associated with said component-indicating means forindicating maximum values of the true and the apparent energy traversingthe circuit. Y

7. The combination with means actuated in accordance with the active andreactive components, respectively, of apparent energy traversing acircuit, of register means jointly controlled thereby, driving meansincluding gearing between the component means and the register means,and means r'or periodically resetting said register means including aconstant-speed device for periodically effecting the demeshing of saidgearing.

8. The combination with means actuated in accordance with the active andreactive components, respectively, of apparent energy traversing acircuit, of register means jointly controlled thereby, means forperiodically resetting said register means to an initial position,including means embodying gearing between said component means and saidregister means, and means for demeshing said gearing at predeterminedintervals.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto subscribed my name this 3rd day ofDecember,

HENRY L. LYON, Administrator of the Estate of Henry H.

Lyon, deceased.

